FormFactor

FormFactor, Inc. is a United States semiconductor test and measurement company founded in 1993. Its origins trace to a small New York laboratory where former IBM researcher Igor Khandros began developing products for the semiconductor industry. The company’s early work led to MicroSpring, a wire-bonded probe technology that became foundational to applications including sockets, packaging, and probe cards. FormFactor shipped its first MicroSpring probe card in 1994 and established operations in Livermore, California, in 1995. The company supplies technologies used across the integrated-circuit life cycle, from characterization, modeling, reliability, and design debugging through qualification and production testing. Its portfolio includes advanced wafer probe cards, engineering probe systems, probes, and quantum cryogenic and thermal-management tools. FormFactor describes itself as a leading supplier of advanced system-on-chip (SoC) and memory probe cards and as a provider of engineering probe systems. Its products support testing for applications including logic, memory, 5G devices, advanced packaging, silicon photonics, and quantum technologies. FormFactor serves semiconductor manufacturers and other customers in a global market. Its stated industry applications include computing, communications, automotive, energy, aerospace, and defense. The company emphasizes customer collaboration, engineering expertise, product quality, and support through an international network of service and repair centers, sales offices, and design centers. Its official company profile reports 2,300 employees and 2024 revenue of $764 million. FormFactor is publicly traded on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol FORM. The company’s official materials identify Mike Slessor as its chief executive officer. FormFactor also works with partners on test solutions; its homepage, for example, describes the broadband InfinityXF probing solution as powered by a collaboration between FormFactor and Keysight. The company remains active in semiconductor test and measurement, with products spanning wafer probing, probe-card technologies, and specialized cryogenic measurement.

FormFactor began in 1993, when former IBM researcher Igor Khandros started developing semiconductor-industry products in a small New York laboratory. The company’s early development produced the wire-bonded MicroSpring, a technology that FormFactor describes as foundational to sockets, packaging, and probe cards. Its first MEMS fabrication operation was established in Elmsford, New York. In 1994, FormFactor shipped its first MicroSpring probe card; in 1995, it established operations in Livermore, California. The company’s early product development tracked the requirements of memory and wafer testing. In 2000, FormFactor introduced what it describes as the industry’s first x64 DRAM probe card, a 200 mm, 12 touchdown card. In 2002, it introduced an x128 DRAM card for 300 mm wafers with nine touchdowns. FormFactor went public in 2003. The following year, it opened a 20,000-square-foot MEMS fabrication facility in Livermore and delivered an x256 DRAM probe card for 300 mm wafers with four touchdowns. FormFactor continued expanding its wafer-probe capabilities. It shipped a full-wafer DRAM probe card in 2006, described in its history as a 300 mm, two-touchdown card. In 2008, its MicroProbe Vx-MP entered the market as an industry-first vertical MEMS probe card. In 2009, the company delivered its first Matrix full-wafer probe cards to customers; by the end of 2010, it reported that more than 300 Matrix cards had been delivered. The company’s history page also states that MicroProbe was ranked the world’s number-one supplier of advanced SoC probe cards in 2011. FormFactor describes its present business as serving the integrated-circuit life cycle, from characterization and design-related work through qualification and production test. Its product scope includes advanced probe cards, engineering probe systems, probes, and tools for cryogenic and thermal management. It serves applications such as logic, memory, 5G devices, advanced packaging, silicon photonics, and quantum technologies. The company is publicly traded on Nasdaq as FORM. Its official company profile reports that it was founded in 1993, went public in 2003, and had 2024 revenue of $764 million. The official materials identify Mike Slessor as chief executive officer.

• 2011

  MicroProbe ranked a leading advanced SoC probe-card supplier

• 2010

  Matrix product ramp reported

• 2009

  First Matrix full-wafer cards delivered

• 2008

  Vertical MEMS probe card entered the market

• 2006

  Full-wafer DRAM probe card shipped

• 2004

  Livermore MEMS facility opened

• 2003

  FormFactor went public

• 2002

  x128 DRAM card introduced

• 2000

  x64 DRAM probe card introduced

• 1995

  Livermore operations established

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A semiconductor test and measurement technology provider, with a focus on advanced wafer probe cards, engineering probe systems, and solutions that support testing from the laboratory through production.

• Advanced wafer probe cards

  Probe cards for semiconductor wafer test, including SoC, memory, vertical MEMS, and full-wafer applications.

• Engineering probe systems

  Probe systems used for semiconductor test and measurement, including the EVOLVITY 300 semi-automated wafer probe system.

• Cryogenic wafer probing

  Specialized systems for cryogenic wafer probing, including the HPD IQ3000, which the homepage describes as enabling fully automated probing at 4 K.

• InfinityXF

  A broadband probing solution for S-parameter measurements up to 250 GHz, presented as a FormFactor and Keysight collaboration.

• Public listingOther

1. 1FormFactor Inc. | Semiconductor Test and Measurementformfactor.com
2. 2Our History - Advanced SoC & Memory Probe Cards | FormFactor Inc.formfactor.com
3. 3About FormFactor Inc. - #1 Advanced Probe Card Supplierformfactor.com
4. 4Corporate Citizenship | FormFactor, Inc.formfactor.com
5. 5FormFactor (Germany)wikidata.org
6. 6FormFactor, Inc.: FormFactor Acquires FRT GMBHfinanznachrichten.de