Wipro

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Indian multinational technology services and consulting company

Last updated October 16, 2026

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Overview

Wipro Limited is an Indian multinational technology services and consulting company headquartered in Bengaluru. It provides information technology services, consulting, business process services, engineering and research services, cloud transformation, cybersecurity, data and analytics, artificial intelligence, enterprise applications, and digital experience solutions. The company serves clients across sectors including financial services, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, telecommunications, energy, utilities, and consumer goods, with operations spanning India and major international markets. Wipro was incorporated on 29 December 1945 in Amalner, Maharashtra, as Western India Vegetable Products Limited. Its original business was the manufacture and sale of vegetable oils and related consumer products. After founder M. H. Hasham Premji died in 1966, his son Azim Premji assumed leadership at the age of 21. Under Premji, the company progressively diversified beyond consumer products and began building technology capabilities during the personal-computer era. The corporate name changed to Wipro Products Limited in 1977 and to Wipro Limited in 1982. During the 1980s, the company established Wipro Infotech and Wipro Systems and entered computer hardware, software, and information technology services. It developed an early Indian minicomputer based on the Intel 8086 processor and later created software products before moving decisively toward offshore software development and services. By the 1990s, Wipro was a significant Indian producer of personal computers, peripherals, and medical diagnostic equipment, but software services increasingly became the higher-margin center of the business. Wipro expanded rapidly during the technology boom of the late 1990s and early 2000s. It became one of India's largest listed technology companies and in 2004 became the second Indian IT company to report annual revenue above US$1 billion. Its capabilities later broadened into engineering research and development, consulting, business process management, cloud services, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and digital transformation. Wipro also developed technology products and platforms, including the Wipro HOLMES artificial-intelligence platform and the Wipro Supernova range of high-performance computing systems. The company simplified its portfolio in the 2010s. In 2012, it separated its non-IT businesses, including consumer care, lighting, furniture, hydraulics, water treatment, and medical diagnostics, into Wipro Enterprises. In 2013, Wipro discontinued its hardware manufacturing activities. It subsequently invested more heavily in digital design, mobility, cloud, enterprise software, and startup partnerships; Wipro Digital was established in 2014 and Wipro Ventures in 2015. In 2021, Wipro announced a US$1 billion investment program for its FullStride Cloud Services business. Wipro's present service structure includes technology services, consulting, engineering and research services, and business process services. Its offerings combine managed services with project-based consulting and transformation work. The company is one of the major Indian-origin IT services providers, alongside firms such as Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys, HCLTech, and Tech Mahindra. Wipro's equity has been listed in India since the 1940s, and its American Depositary Shares have traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 2000. The company remains publicly listed, with the promoter group associated with Azim Premji holding a controlling stake and directing substantial philanthropic proceeds through the Azim Premji Foundation.

History

Wipro was incorporated on 29 December 1945 in Amalner as Western India Vegetable Products Limited. Founded by M. H. Hasham Premji, it initially manufactured cooking oils and operated as a consumer-products company rather than a technology business. Following the founder's death in 1966, his son Azim Premji became chairman at the age of 21 and began a long-term program of diversification. The company adopted the name Wipro Products Limited in 1977 and Wipro Limited in 1982. During the 1980s, Premji's strategy turned toward the emerging computer industry. Wipro established technology subsidiaries including Wipro Infotech and Wipro Systems, entered computer hardware, and developed an Indian minicomputer based on the Intel 8086 processor in cooperation with a laboratory at the Indian Institute of Science. Its software activities began with products such as spreadsheet and word-processing applications, but the business later moved toward offshore software development and services. During the 1990s, Wipro became a major Indian manufacturer of personal computers, peripherals, and medical diagnostic equipment. As international demand for outsourced software grew, the company increasingly prioritized software engineering and IT services, which generated a growing share of profits. In 1998, Wipro was described as India's second-largest software exporter. The expansion of the internet economy helped accelerate its international profile and market value. During the early-2000s technology boom, Wipro became one of India's most valuable companies by market capitalization, and Azim Premji became one of India's best-known technology entrepreneurs. Wipro reported annual revenue above US$1 billion in 2004, becoming the second Indian listed IT company to reach that level. Its engineering and research activities also expanded; by 2006, product-engineering research and development services represented approximately 30% of total revenue according to contemporary company reporting. In 2007, Wipro introduced Wipro Supernova, a line of high-performance computing systems. In 2011, it worked with the Indian Space Research Organisation on SAGA-220, a supercomputer deployed at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and described at the time as India's fastest. The company later narrowed its strategic focus. In 2012, Wipro separated its non-IT operations into Wipro Enterprises. Those operations included consumer care, lighting, furniture, hydraulics, water treatment, and medical diagnostics and had previously contributed a material portion of group revenue. In 2013, Wipro closed its hardware division and stopped manufacturing personal computers, laptops, and servers. This marked a clearer transition from a diversified industrial and consumer business to an IT-led services company. Wipro created Wipro Digital in 2014 to develop design and mobility services and established Wipro Ventures in 2015 as a strategic investment arm for early- and mid-stage enterprise-software companies and venture funds, particularly in the United States, India, and Israel. The business continued to build capabilities in cloud computing, analytics, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, automation, consulting, and digital engineering. In 2021, the company announced a US$1 billion investment in FullStride Cloud Services and reported that approximately one-third of its workforce was engaged in cloud-related projects. Wipro's contemporary business is organized around global lines covering technology services, consulting, engineering and research services, and business process services. Its customers include organizations in financial services, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, telecommunications, and other industries. The company has maintained listings on India's Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange, where it is associated with major Indian equity indexes, while its American Depositary Shares have traded on the New York Stock Exchange since October 2000. Wipro continues to operate as an independent public company, with the promoter group associated with Azim Premji retaining control and directing significant philanthropic activity through the Azim Premji Foundation.

2021
FullStride Cloud investment announced
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro announced a US$1 billion investment in its FullStride Cloud Services vertical.
2015
Wipro Ventures established
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro created a strategic investment arm focused on enterprise-software startups and venture funds.
2014
Wipro Digital established
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
The company created Wipro Digital as a design and mobility services business.
2013
Hardware manufacturing discontinued
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro shut down its hardware division and stopped manufacturing personal computers, laptops, and servers.
2012
Non-IT businesses demerged into Wipro Enterprises
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro separated its consumer care, lighting, furniture, hydraulics, water treatment, and medical diagnostic businesses into Wipro Enterprises.
2011
SAGA-220 developed with ISRO
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro and the Indian Space Research Organisation developed SAGA-220, which was deployed at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre.
2007
Wipro Supernova introduced
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro launched a line of supercomputers under the Wipro Supernova name.
2004
Annual revenue exceeds US$1 billion
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro became the second listed Indian IT company to report annual revenue above US$1 billion.
2000
American Depositary Shares begin NYSE trading
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro's American Depositary Shares were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
1982
Company becomes Wipro Limited
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
The corporate name was shortened to Wipro Limited.
1981
Early Indian minicomputer developed
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
Wipro developed a minicomputer based on the Intel 8086 processor in collaboration with an Indian Institute of Science laboratory.
1977
Name changed to Wipro Products Limited
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
The company adopted the Wipro name as part of its transition toward a broader product and technology identity.
1966
Azim Premji assumes leadership
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
After the death of the founder, Azim Premji became chairman and began diversifying the company beyond its original consumer-products business.
1945
Company incorporated as Western India Vegetable Products
[1]Wiproen.wikipedia.org
M. H. Hasham Premji incorporated the company in Amalner as a manufacturer of vegetable oils and related products.

Products and positioning

Global technology services, consulting, engineering, and business transformation partner

Artificial intelligence and automation platform
Wipro HOLMES
Wipro HOLMES is a platform associated with artificial intelligence, automation, and cognitive services. It supports the automation of business and IT processes and forms part of Wipro's effort to combine machine learning, analytics, natural-language capabilities, and process orchestration in enterprise transformation projects.
Cloud services · 2021
Wipro FullStride Cloud
FullStride Cloud is Wipro's cloud-services business and market proposition. It covers cloud strategy, migration, modernization, managed cloud operations, cloud-native development, and related data and security work. Wipro positioned the offering as a major growth platform and announced a substantial investment program for it in 2021.
High-performance computing · 2007
Wipro Supernova
Wipro Supernova was a line of supercomputers introduced in 2007. It represented the company's earlier effort to commercialize high-performance computing and extend its technology portfolio beyond conventional IT services.
Digital design and mobility services · 2014
Wipro Digital
Wipro Digital was established as a design and mobility services division. Its remit connected user experience, digital product design, mobility, and technology implementation, helping Wipro compete for broader digital-transformation engagements.
Business process management
Wipro Business Process Services
Wipro Business Process Services provides outsourced and managed business processes for enterprise clients. The business uses process management, automation, analytics, and domain expertise across functions and industries.

Controversies

2023
Graduate-hire salary offer controversy
Wipro was criticized after presenting approximately 4,000 graduate hires with optional revised offers worth nearly half the value of earlier packages. Wipro said the original offers remained available and characterized the revised offers as an immediate-joining option.
Source
2020
Employment discrimination lawsuit
Five former US employees filed a proposed class-action lawsuit alleging discrimination against people who were not of South Asian or Indian origin. The allegations included claims about the ethnic composition of Wipro's US workforce; the reference material does not establish a final adjudication.
Source
2019
Wipro sues Analog Devices over outsourcing contract
Wipro filed a case against Analog Devices in a US district court, alleging breach of an outsourcing contract and seeking more than $6.9 million under the contract termination payout schedule. Analog Devices did not respond to an email seeking comment.
Source
2016
Settlement of internal-controls allegations
Wipro paid a US$5 million penalty to settle SEC allegations that its internal controls were deficient. The company neither admitted nor denied the allegations.
Source
2009
Employee embezzlement and SEC investigation
Wipro discovered that a junior employee had embezzled approximately US$4 million. The matter led to an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission into the company's internal financial controls.
Source

San Francisco Marathon title sponsorship
United States
Wipro served as title sponsor of the San Francisco Marathon at a period not specified in the reference material, associating the corporate brand with a major international running event.
Outcome. Title sponsorship at different times; duration and outcomes are not specified.
Source
Chennai Marathon title sponsorship
India
Wipro served as title sponsor of the Chennai Marathon at a period not specified in the reference material.
Outcome. Title sponsorship at different times; duration and outcomes are not specified.
Source
Bengaluru Marathon title sponsorship
India
Wipro served as title sponsor of the Bengaluru Marathon at a period not specified in the reference material.
Outcome. Title sponsorship at different times; duration and outcomes are not specified.
Source

Brand decisions

2021
Invest US$1 billion in FullStride CloudStrategy
Background
Cloud adoption was becoming central to enterprise technology spending, and Wipro reported that about one-third of its workforce was engaged in cloud projects.
Action taken
Wipro announced a US$1 billion investment in its FullStride Cloud Services vertical.
Aftermath
The announcement made cloud transformation a more explicit pillar of Wipro's growth and service portfolio.
Announced investment. US$1 billion (Announced in 2021)
Source
2013
Exit hardware manufacturingStrategy
Background
Wipro had previously manufactured personal computers, laptops, servers, and related hardware.
Action taken
Wipro shut its hardware division and discontinued manufacturing activities.
Aftermath
The decision reinforced the company's concentration on software, IT services, consulting, and digital transformation.
Source
2012
Separate non-IT businessesStrategy
Background
Wipro had become increasingly focused on software and IT services, while its portfolio still included consumer, industrial, and healthcare-related operations.
Action taken
The company demerged its non-IT businesses into Wipro Enterprises.
Aftermath
The transaction clarified Wipro's identity as an IT-led company while placing consumer care, lighting, furniture, hydraulics, water treatment, and medical diagnostics in a separate company.
Source

Recent events

2026-08-14
TestMu AI unveils fifth edition of TestMu Conference 2026[5]TestMu AI 发布 2026 年第五届 TestMu 大会prnewswire.com
Reported: 2026-08-14
TestMu AI (formerly LambdaTest) announced the fifth edition of its flagship TestMu Conference, a virtual event scheduled for August 19–21, 2026, expected to host over 75,000 developers and quality engineers from more than 120 countries, with 80+ sessions on agentic AI workflows, autonomous quality engineering, and AI-native testing.
2026-08-14
TestMu AI unveils fifth edition of TestMu Conference 2026[6]TestMu AI 公布 2026 年第五届 TestMu 大会finanznachrichten.de
Reported: 2026-08-14
TestMu AI (formerly LambdaTest) announced the fifth edition of its flagship TestMu Conference, a virtual event scheduled for August 19-21, 2026, expected to host over 75,000 developers and quality engineers from more than 120 countries, with partners including Accenture, Capgemini, LTIMindtree, Microsoft, Persistent and Wipro.
2021-12-31
Wipro completes acquisition of Edgile[7]Wipro完成对Edgile的收购indiainfoline.com
Wipro completed its acquisition of Edgile, an Austin, Texas-headquartered cybersecurity consulting provider, on December 31, 2021.
2021-12-31
Wipro completes acquisition of LeanSwift Solutions[7]Wipro完成对Edgile的收购indiainfoline.com
Wipro completed its acquisition of LeanSwift Solutions, a Florida-headquartered system integrator of Infor products, on December 31, 2021.
2021-12-16
Wipro announces agreement to acquire LeanSwift[8]Wipro宣布签署收购LeanSwift的协议businesstoday.in
Reported: 2021-12-16
Wipro announced that it had signed an agreement to acquire LeanSwift Solutions. The acquisition remained subject to customary closing conditions and was expected to close before the end of the quarter ending March 31, 2022.
2021-12-15
Wipro launches VisionEDGE[9]Wipro推出VisionEDGE解决方案prnasia.com
Reported: 2021-12-14
Wipro announced the launch of VisionEDGE, a dynamic digital signage and omnichannel advertising solution, formerly known as Cisco Vision.
2021-12-06
Wipro and Celonis launch Supply Chain Command Center[10]Wipro与Celonis推出供应链指挥中心business-standard.com
Reported: 2021-12-06
Wipro and Celonis announced the launch of the Supply Chain Command Center, a solution intended to help organizations with supply-chain transformation.
2021-11-11
Wipro unveils Click-Shift-Drive car-buying solution[11]Wipro推出Click-Shift-Drive购车解决方案business-standard.com
Reported: 2021-11-11
Wipro unveiled Click-Shift-Drive, a contactless solution intended to support the automobile-buying journey, from research and loan approval through purchase and delivery.
2021-11-09
Wipro and DriveNets announce network-services partnership[12]Wipro与DriveNets宣布网络服务合作prnewswire.com
Reported: 2021-11-09
Wipro and DriveNets announced a partnership to combine DriveNets' network disaggregation solutions with Wipro's cloud-services expertise for communications service providers.
2021-11-07
Wipro and TEOCO partner on next-generation network solutions[13]Wipro与TEOCO合作开发下一代网络解决方案equitybulls.com
Reported: 2021-11-07
Wipro and TEOCO partnered to develop solutions for communication service providers and said they would build a next-generation network Center of Excellence.

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