Voronezhsky tsentralny park

Voronezhsky tsentralny park (Voronezh Central Park) is a park of culture and leisure in the city of Voronezh, Russia, and one of the largest park areas in the city, covering about 100.3 hectares. It is designated a regional natural monument. The park lies in the northern part of Voronezh and is partly bounded by Burdenko, Ryleeva, and Krynina streets and Berezovaya Roshcha. The site's history begins in 1844, when Emperor Nicholas I ordered the creation of a third-class tree nursery near the city, in the area of Troitskaya Sloboda, to grow various tree species as well as garden and ornamental plants. The nursery held around 3,500 specimens, including about 40 grape varieties. By 1850 it was marked on Voronezh maps as a "Botanical Garden," popularly called "Botanik." In 1868 it was converted into a pomological nursery for experiments with horticultural crops such as apples, pears, and plums. In 1929 the area around the pomological nursery gained park status and the name "Central Park of Culture and Leisure named after Kaganovich." It acquired a summer theater, a restaurant, and a children's railway. During the Great Patriotic War heavy fighting took place in the park, and it was badly damaged. In 1947 a monument was installed on the site of the 1942–1943 battles, and the park also contains mass grave No. 13, where 165 soldiers are buried, including Hero of the Soviet Union tank commander A. M. Serebryakov. After the war the park was restored: new plants were set out, flower beds laid, and attractions opened, including a Ferris wheel; pavilions were built, among them the Green Theater, an amphitheater on the slopes of a ravine, and a planetarium and ski base operated. In 1957, instead of Kaganovich, the park was renamed after M. Gorky, and it was also called "Dynamo" after the nearby stadium. After the denunciation of Stalin's cult of personality, a monument to Stalin was replaced by a sculpture of a worker. In the 1960s–1980s the park was a popular recreation place and venue for mass events, including the celebration of Voronezh's 400th anniversary in 1986. In autumn, agricultural exhibitions were held in its pavilions. In 1986 or 1988 the park was badly damaged by flooding caused by a storm-sewer failure, and many structures, including the Green Theater, were damaged. In 1988 the theater was finally closed after several people died in a crush at a concert by the band Laskovy May. In the 1990s and 2000s the park fell into neglect and decay; sculptures of a violinist and Chernomor and a fountain with four girls holding a vase were lost. In the mid-2010s the park was reconstructed under a design by French landscape architect Olivier Dame and the Moscow company Megapark. New plants were set out, the Green Theater, central alley, and lake were restored, and sports facilities were installed. The surviving sculpture of a mother and child was moved to the perinatal center. A public poll was held on a new name, and the park became known as "Voronezhsky tsentralny park." It has served as a venue for the "Gorod-Sad" festival. The park's territory has complex terrain with numerous gullies whose slopes are wooded. Average annual precipitation is about 500 mm. The park is distinguished by a variety of soil types and tree species (the most widespread being large-leaved linden), a pronounced understory, and rich fauna.

The territory of what is now Voronezhsky tsentralny park began as an imperial tree nursery. In 1844, by order of Emperor Nicholas I, a "third-class tree nursery" was established near Voronezh in the Troitskaya Sloboda area to grow various tree species as well as garden and ornamental plants. The nursery contained about 3,500 specimens, including around 40 grape varieties. By 1850 it was already marked on city maps as a "Botanical Garden," popularly known as "Botanik." In 1868 the nursery was transformed into a pomological nursery for experiments with horticultural crops such as apples, pears, and plums. In 1929 the area around the pomological nursery received park status and the name "Central Park of Culture and Leisure named after Kaganovich." The park gained a summer theater, a restaurant, and a children's railway. During the Great Patriotic War, fierce fighting took place in the park, and it suffered heavily. In 1947 a monument was installed on the site of the 1942–1943 battles of the Soviet Army against German-fascist occupiers. The park also contains mass grave No. 13, where 165 soldiers are buried, including Hero of the Soviet Union tank commander A. M. Serebryakov. After the war the park was restored: new plants were planted, flower beds were laid out, and a number of attractions opened, including a Ferris wheel. Pavilions were built, among them the Green Theater, an amphitheater on the slopes of a ravine; a planetarium and a ski base also operated. In 1957, instead of L. Kaganovich, the park was named after M. Gorky, and it was also called "Dynamo" after the nearby stadium. After the denunciation of Stalin's cult of personality, a monument to Stalin was replaced by a sculpture of a worker. In the 1960s–1980s the park was a popular recreation place for citizens and a venue for mass events, including the celebration of Voronezh's 400th anniversary in 1986. In autumn, agricultural exhibitions were held in the park's pavilions. In 1986 or 1988 the park was badly damaged by flooding caused by a failure in the storm-sewer system; many structures were damaged, including the Green Theater. In 1988 the theater was finally closed after several people died in a crush at a concert by the band Laskovy May. In the 1990s and 2000s the park fell into neglect and decay. Sculptures of a violinist and Chernomor and a fountain with four girls holding a vase were lost. In the mid-2010s the park was reconstructed according to a design by French landscape architect Olivier Dame and the Moscow company Megapark. New plants were planted, the Green Theater, the central alley, and the lake were restored, and sports facilities were installed. The surviving sculpture of a mother and child was moved to the perinatal center. A survey of citizens was conducted about a new name for the park, as a result of which it became known as "Voronezhsky tsentralny park." The park became a venue for the "Gorod-Sad" festival. The park's territory is characterized by complex terrain with numerous gullies whose slopes are covered with forest. Average annual precipitation is about 500 mm. The park is distinguished by a diversity of soil types and tree species (the most widespread being large-leaved linden), a pronounced understory, and a rich fauna.

• 2010

  In the mid-2010s the park is reconstructed under a design by Olivier Dame and Megapark and renamed "Voronezhsky tsentralny park."

• 1988

  The Green Theater is finally closed after a deadly crush at a Laskovy May concert.

• 1986

  The park hosts celebrations of Voronezh's 400th anniversary.

• 1957

  The park is renamed after M. Gorky instead of Kaganovich.

• 1947

  A monument is installed on the site of the 1942–1943 battles.

• 1929

  The area gains park status and is named "Central Park of Culture and Leisure named after Kaganovich."

• 1868

  The nursery is converted into a pomological nursery for experiments with horticultural crops.

• 1850

  The nursery is marked on Voronezh maps as a "Botanical Garden."

• 1844

  By order of Emperor Nicholas I, a third-class tree nursery is established near Voronezh in the Troitskaya Sloboda area.

1. 1Иззи казино — бонусы 175% и вход на сайт IZZI Casinocentralniy-parkvrn.ru
2. 2Voronezhsky tsentralny parkwikidata.org
3. 3Воронежский центральный паркru.wikipedia.org