Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama
Toyota's Alabama powertrain manufacturing plant producing engines for cars and trucks.
Last updated August 31, 2026
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Overview
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama, commonly abbreviated TMMAL, is a Toyota powertrain manufacturing facility located near Huntsville, Alabama, in the United States. Rather than assembling complete vehicles, the plant manufactures engines used in Toyota vehicles and, according to the referenced production information, supplies engines for the Mazda CX-50 as well. It operates within Toyota's North American manufacturing network as a subsidiary of Toyota Motor North America, which is itself part of Japan-based Toyota Motor Corporation. The facility's construction was completed in 2003, establishing Toyota's Alabama operation as an important regional source of engines for vehicles built across North America. Its production scope has changed over time as Toyota introduced new vehicle generations, turbocharged powertrains, and hybrid-oriented engine applications. Earlier output included four-cylinder, V6, and V8 engines used in Toyota's pickup trucks, sport-utility vehicles, and passenger cars. The plant has subsequently shifted toward newer engine families, including hybrid-compatible four-cylinder engines and turbocharged engines for full-size trucks, sport-utility vehicles, and the Tacoma pickup. Current production listed for the plant includes the A25A-FXS and M20A-FXS four-cylinder engines, both associated with Toyota hybrid applications. The A25A-FXS is used in vehicles including the Highlander and Sienna and is also identified as an engine supplied for the Mazda CX-50. The M20A-FXS is associated with the Corolla, Corolla Cross, and RAV4. TMMAL also produces the V35A-FTS twin-turbocharged V6 for the Sequoia and Tundra, as well as the T24A-FTS turbocharged four-cylinder engine for the Tacoma. The plant's former production portfolio demonstrates its role in Toyota's North American truck and SUV strategy. Retired or superseded engine families produced at the site include the 1GR-FE V6 for the Tacoma, the 2GR-FE V6 for the Highlander, the 1UR-FE and 3UR-FE V8 engines for the Tundra and Sequoia, the AR-series four-cylinder engine, the 2GR-FKS V6 for the Tacoma, and the 2TR-FE four-cylinder engine for the Tacoma. These transitions reflect Toyota's successive changes in vehicle platforms, emissions requirements, fuel-efficiency priorities, and powertrain technologies. Toyota reported that TMMAL produced more than 895,000 engines in 2024. The figure illustrates the plant's substantial role in Toyota's regional supply chain, even though the facility is not a consumer-facing vehicle assembly brand. Its strategic positioning is that of a localized North American engine center: it supports Toyota vehicle production by supplying powertrains close to assembly operations and helps the company maintain regional manufacturing capacity for both electrified and conventional applications.
History
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama was developed as part of Toyota's expansion of its North American manufacturing footprint and powertrain capacity. The plant is located near Huntsville, Alabama, and construction was completed in 2003. Its role was to manufacture engines for Toyota vehicles assembled in the region and elsewhere in North America, reducing reliance on long-distance engine imports and integrating Alabama into Toyota's broader production network. During its earlier operating period, TMMAL produced a broad range of engines serving Toyota's passenger vehicles, pickup trucks, and sport-utility vehicles. The plant's historical portfolio included the 1GR-FE V6 for the Tacoma, the 2GR-FE V6 for the Highlander, and several V8 engines for the Tundra and Sequoia. It also produced four-cylinder engines, including the AR family and the 2TR-FE used in Tacoma applications. The range indicates that the Alabama operation was not limited to one vehicle segment; it supported both high-volume passenger vehicles and Toyota's North American truck and SUV programs. As Toyota introduced updated vehicle platforms and revised its powertrain strategy, the facility replaced earlier engine families with newer designs. The 2GR-FKS V6 was used for Tacoma applications until 2023, while the T24A-FTS turbocharged four-cylinder became associated with the newer Tacoma generation. The plant also moved into production of the V35A-FTS twin-turbo V6 for the Tundra and Sequoia. These changes accompanied Toyota's adoption of turbocharging and greater emphasis on efficiency and electrified vehicle applications. The current production list includes the A25A-FXS and M20A-FXS inline-four engines, both associated with hybrid vehicles. The A25A-FXS is listed for the Highlander, Sienna, and Mazda CX-50, while the M20A-FXS is listed for the Corolla, Corolla Cross, and RAV4. Alongside these engines, TMMAL produces the V35A-FTS for the Tundra and Sequoia and the T24A-FTS for the Tacoma. This combination gives the plant a portfolio spanning hybrid-oriented passenger-vehicle powertrains and turbocharged engines for larger vehicles. By 2024, the facility had produced more than 895,000 engines during that year. The output figure places TMMAL among the significant engine-production sites supporting Toyota's North American operations. Its history is therefore best understood as a continuing process of powertrain localization and product transition: the plant has retained its core role as an engine supplier while changing the engine families it manufactures in response to new Toyota vehicle generations and powertrain requirements.
- 2024
Annual output exceeds 895,000 engines
[1]The facility produced more than 895,000 engines during 2024.
- 2023
T24A-FTS production begins
[1]Production of the T24A-FTS turbocharged inline-four engine for the Toyota Tacoma is listed from 2023 onward.
- 2021
V35A-FTS production begins
[1]TMMAL is listed as producing the V35A-FTS twin-turbocharged V6 for the Toyota Tundra and Sequoia from 2021 onward.
- 2018
New four-cylinder engine families enter production
[1]Production of the A25A-FXS and M20A-FXS inline-four engines is listed from 2018 onward for Toyota hybrid and crossover applications.
- 2005
1GR-FE V6 production begins
[1]The plant is listed as beginning production of the 1GR-FE V6 engine for the Toyota Tacoma.
- 2003
Construction completed
[1]Construction of Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama was completed near Huntsville, Alabama, establishing the facility as part of Toyota's North American engine-manufacturing network.
Products and positioning
A North American Toyota powertrain manufacturing facility focused on producing engines for Toyota cars, trucks, and SUVs, with current output spanning hybrid-compatible four-cylinder engines and turbocharged truck and SUV engines.
Hybrid-compatible inline-four engine · 2018
A25A-FXS
The A25A-FXS is a 2.5-liter Toyota inline-four engine associated with hybrid applications. TMMAL production is listed from 2018 onward, with applications including the Toyota Highlander and Sienna and the Mazda CX-50. Its inclusion in the plant's current portfolio represents TMMAL's role in supplying engines for electrified and efficiency-focused vehicles.
Hybrid-compatible inline-four engine · 2018
M20A-FXS
The M20A-FXS is a Toyota inline-four engine used in hybrid-oriented applications. According to the referenced production list, TMMAL has produced it from 2018 onward for vehicles including the Corolla, Corolla Cross, and RAV4. It gives the Alabama plant exposure to Toyota's high-volume compact-car and crossover powertrain programs.
Twin-turbocharged V6 engine · 2021
V35A-FTS
The V35A-FTS is a twin-turbocharged V6 engine produced at TMMAL from 2021 onward. It is used in the Toyota Tundra full-size pickup and Sequoia full-size SUV. Its production reflects the plant's shift toward newer turbocharged powertrains for Toyota's large-vehicle lineup.
Turbocharged inline-four engine · 2023
T24A-FTS
The T24A-FTS is a turbocharged inline-four engine listed for TMMAL production from 2023 onward. It powers the Toyota Tacoma and is part of the newer engine portfolio associated with the Tacoma's contemporary vehicle generation.
Former automotive engines
Historical engine portfolio
Former TMMAL production included the 1GR-FE V6 for the Tacoma, 2GR-FE V6 for the Highlander, 1UR-FE and 3UR-FE V8 engines for the Tundra and Sequoia, the AR-series inline-four, the 2GR-FKS V6 for the Tacoma, and the 2TR-FE inline-four for the Tacoma. These engines were phased out at the plant as Toyota introduced newer vehicle generations and powertrain families.
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