New York Stock Exchange
The New York Stock Exchange is a major American securities exchange and the flagship equities marketplace of Intercontinental Exchange.
Last updated October 7, 2026
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Overview
The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), commonly known as the Big Board, is an American securities exchange headquartered at 18 Broad Street in Manhattan’s Financial District. It provides organized markets in which companies can list securities and investors can buy and sell shares through registered trading firms. The exchange is widely associated with Wall Street and remains one of the central institutions of the global capital-markets system. The NYSE traces its institutional origins to the Buttonwood Agreement of May 17, 1792, when 24 New York brokers agreed to cooperate in securities dealing, give preference to one another in transactions, and apply a common commission structure. Early trading included government debt issued during and after the American Revolution, shares associated with the First Bank of the United States, and stock in institutions such as the Bank of New York. In 1817, the brokers reorganized as the New York Stock and Exchange Board, adopted more formal governance, and established rules intended to limit manipulative practices. During the nineteenth century, New York became increasingly important as a securities center. Telegraphy improved the transmission of prices and orders, while the growth of industrial companies, railroads, banks, and government finance expanded the market’s role. The NYSE absorbed the Open Board of Stock Brokers in 1869, strengthening its membership and liquidity. Trading was originally conducted through open outcry and periodic call sessions, but the exchange progressively combined floor-based auctions with electronic systems. Decimal pricing replaced the traditional fractional quotation system between 2000 and 2001. The exchange has repeatedly adapted to financial crises, technological change, regulation, and changes in corporate ownership. It became a national securities exchange registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in 1934. In 2006, following its combination with Archipelago, it became a publicly traded, for-profit exchange group. Its 2007 combination with Euronext created NYSE Euronext, a transatlantic exchange operator. Intercontinental Exchange acquired NYSE Euronext in 2013, and the NYSE subsequently became part of ICE’s exchange portfolio. The NYSE operates a hybrid market that combines electronic order execution with a designated physical trading floor. Its core activities include equity listings, secondary-market trading, market data, issuer services, and market-supervision functions. Listed companies range from large multinational corporations to growth companies and real-estate investment trusts. The NYSE also operates or brands related marketplaces and indexes, including NYSE Arca, an electronic exchange particularly associated with exchange-traded products, and the NYSE Composite Index. The exchange’s public identity is closely tied to market opening and closing ceremonies, issuer events, its trading floor, and the architectural landmark at 18 Broad Street. The building, completed in 1903 and designed in the Beaux-Arts style by George B. Post, together with the adjacent 11 Wall Street building, is recognized as a historic landmark. Trading normally takes place on weekdays during the regular session from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, subject to exchange holidays and emergency closures. Today the NYSE is owned by Intercontinental Exchange and functions as one of the world’s most important venues for listed-company capital formation and stock trading. Its role is shaped by U.S. securities regulation, exchange rules, automated risk controls, circuit breakers, and the continuing interaction between electronic trading and human market operations.
History
The NYSE’s roots lie in the Buttonwood Agreement signed by 24 New York brokers in 1792. The agreement created a cooperative framework for securities dealing and helped establish New York as a distinct market for government and bank securities. In 1817, the brokers reorganized as the New York Stock and Exchange Board, formalizing membership, governance, and rules against certain forms of market manipulation. Trading moved among several locations before the exchange settled at its present Wall Street-area site in the nineteenth century. New York’s market expanded alongside the United States’ banking, transportation, industrial, and public-finance systems. Telegraph technology enabled prices and trading information to move more rapidly between markets. In 1869, the NYSE merged with the Open Board of Stock Brokers, a rival that had used more continuous trading methods. The combination increased the exchange’s scale and liquidity and reinforced its competitive position against other American markets. Financial panics and crashes led to successive changes in market oversight. The NYSE was registered with the SEC as a national securities exchange in 1934, following the market collapse associated with the Great Depression. Its twentieth-century history also included emergency closures during World War I, the Wall Street bombing of 1920, the 1929 crash, the 1987 Black Monday collapse, and later market disruptions. Exchange procedures evolved in response, including increasingly sophisticated trading controls and circuit breakers. The organization changed from a member-governed, nonprofit institution into a public exchange business in the early twenty-first century. It announced plans to combine with Archipelago in 2005, completed the transaction in 2006, and merged with Euronext in 2007. Intercontinental Exchange acquired NYSE Euronext in 2013, making the NYSE part of a broader group spanning exchanges, clearing, data, and benchmark businesses. Technology transformed the trading model. Electronic order routing was introduced alongside the traditional floor auction, and by the 2000s the exchange operated a hybrid market. Decimal quotations replaced fractions, while automated systems, electronic auctions, surveillance, and market-wide trading halts became integral to operations. The physical floor nevertheless remained an important venue for opening and closing auctions, issuer events, and the exchange’s public identity. The NYSE has also faced major operational and environmental interruptions. It closed for several sessions after the September 11, 2001 attacks and for two days during Hurricane Sandy in 2012. In March 2020, the COVID-19 response led to a temporary shift to all-electronic trading; the physical floor reopened later that year. The exchange’s buildings at 18 Broad Street and 11 Wall Street remain prominent historic structures and symbols of American finance.
- 2020
Temporary all-electronic operation
[1]The physical trading floor was temporarily closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, while NYSE markets continued electronically.
- 2013
Acquisition by Intercontinental Exchange
[1]ICE acquired NYSE Euronext and added the NYSE to its global exchange portfolio.
- 2007
Formation of NYSE Euronext
[1]NYSE Group completed its merger with Euronext, creating a transatlantic exchange operator.
- 2006
Archipelago combination and public-company conversion
[1]The NYSE combined with Archipelago and became a publicly traded, for-profit exchange group.
- 2000
Decimal quotations begin
[1]The NYSE began replacing fractional price quotations with decimal pricing, completing the transition across listed stocks by 2001.
- 1934
SEC national securities exchange registration
[1]The exchange registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a national securities exchange.
- 1869
Merger with the Open Board of Stock Brokers
[1]The NYSE absorbed a major rival, increasing membership and reinforcing its liquidity advantage.
- 1817
Reorganization as the New York Stock and Exchange Board
[1]The broker organization adopted more formal governance and rules and began operating under its nineteenth-century institutional name.
- 1792
Buttonwood Agreement
[1]Twenty-four New York brokers established a cooperative framework for securities trading and commissions, providing the institutional foundation of the NYSE.
Products and positioning
A premier global venue for public-company listings, equity liquidity, price discovery, and investor access.
Equity exchange · 1792
NYSE listed-market platform
The NYSE’s principal marketplace for companies listed on its U.S. equities venue. It combines electronic order handling with a physical auction process used particularly for opening and closing price discovery. Listed issuers access public capital, while investors and trading firms use the market for secondary trading in common shares, preferred securities, real-estate investment trusts, and other eligible instruments.
Electronic exchange
NYSE Arca
An electronic exchange associated with the NYSE family and widely used for exchange-traded products and equities. It provides automated order matching and listing or trading services under applicable U.S. market rules, complementing the floor-and-electronic hybrid model of the primary NYSE venue.
Index
NYSE Composite Index
A broad market index designed to represent companies listed on the NYSE. It is used as a reference for the performance of the exchange’s listed equity universe and as a market-information product rather than as a trading venue itself.
Listing services
NYSE issuer services
Programs supporting companies before and after listing, including listing evaluation, issuer communications, market visibility, corporate events, and interaction with the exchange’s regulatory framework. These services form part of the NYSE’s role in public-company capital formation.
Controversies
Marketing campaigns
- 2020COVID-19 electronic-market continuity response
United States
The NYSE temporarily moved its physical operations to electronic trading while maintaining market continuity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The exchange later reopened its floor with health and operational controls.
Outcome. Electronic trading continued and the physical floor subsequently reopened.
Brand decisions
2020
Temporarily close the trading floorStrategyBackground
The COVID-19 pandemic created public-health and workplace risks for floor-based operations.
Action taken
The NYSE shifted temporarily to all-electronic trading while retaining market operations.
Aftermath
The floor reopened on May 26, 2020, with measures intended to support safe operations.
2007
Merge with EuronextM&ABackground
The NYSE sought broader international scale and a transatlantic exchange platform.
Action taken
NYSE Group completed its merger with Euronext, forming NYSE Euronext.
Aftermath
The exchange operated within a transatlantic group until Intercontinental Exchange acquired NYSE Euronext in 2013.
2006
Combine with Archipelago and become a public companyM&ABackground
The traditional member-owned exchange faced a changing competitive environment shaped by electronic trading and alternative marketplaces.
Action taken
The NYSE completed its combination with Archipelago and began operating as a for-profit, publicly traded exchange group.
Aftermath
The transaction established the corporate structure that led to the NYSE’s later combination with Euronext.
Recent events
GM announces transfer of its stock listing to Nasdaq[3]
Reported:
General Motors announced plans to transfer its common-stock listing from the New York Stock Exchange to Nasdaq, with trading expected to begin on Nov. 17. The company expects to keep its “GM” ticker symbol.
NYSE begins extended-hours options trading[4]
Reported:
NYSE began extended-hours options trading on heavily traded ETFs and single stocks, with a morning session from 7:30 AM to 9:25 AM ET and a late session from 4:00 PM to 4:15 PM ET.
Riskified filed for a proposed NYSE IPO[5]
Reported:
Riskified filed a prospectus for a proposed initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange; the company had not yet stated its target valuation.
Procore completes IPO[6]
Reported:
Procore raised $634.5 million in its initial public offering and debuted on the New York Stock Exchange on Thursday.
Weekdays and relative dates follow the original report; their exact calendar dates have not been verified.
NYSE launches its first NFTs[7]
Reported:
The New York Stock Exchange's first NFTs went live on Crypto.com’s NFT marketplace. The six tokens commemorate the first stock trades of Spotify, Snowflake, Unity, DoorDash, Roblox and Coupang.
Magnum Opus Acquisition Limited announces IPO pricing[8]
Reported:
Magnum Opus Acquisition Limited announced pricing its initial public offering of 20,000,000 units at US$10.00 per unit; the units were expected to begin trading on the New York Stock Exchange on March 23, 2021.
Isos Acquisition Corporation closes $225 million IPO[9]
Reported:
Isos Acquisition Corporation announced the closing of its initial public offering of 22,500,000 units at $10.00 per unit.
KraneShares launches STAR Market 50 Index ETF on the NYSE[10]
Reported:
Krane Funds Advisors announced the launch of the KraneShares SSE STAR Market 50 Index ETF (KSTR) on the New York Stock Exchange. The ETF tracks the Shanghai Stock Exchange Science and Technology Innovation Board 50 Index.
Golden Falcon closes $345 million IPO[11]
Reported:
Golden Falcon Acquisition Corp. announced that it closed its initial public offering of 34.5 million units, generating gross proceeds of $345 million. The units were listed on the New York Stock Exchange under ticker GFX.U.
Unity Software begins trading after its IPO[12]
Reported:
Unity Software began trading on the New York Stock Exchange after its initial public offering. Its shares opened at $75, up 44% from the IPO price of $52.
Showing the 10 most recent.
Sources22 sources
- 1New York Stock Exchangeen.wikipedia.org
- 2NYSE official websitenyse.com
- 3GM宣布将股票上市地点转至纳斯达克cnbc.com
- 4NYSE开始延长时段期权交易cnbc.com
- 5Riskified 提交纽交所 IPO 申请文件en.globes.co.il
- 6Procore完成首次公开募股therealdeal.com
- 7纽约证券交易所推出首批NFTfinance.sina.com.cn
- 8Magnum Opus Acquisition Limited宣布首次公开募股定价prnewswire.com
- 9Isos Acquisition Corporation完成2.25亿美元首次公开募股prnewswire.com
- 10KraneShares 在纽约证券交易所推出 STAR Market 50 指数 ETFprnewswire.com
- 11Golden Falcon完成3.45亿美元首次公开募股finanznachrichten.de
- 12Unity Software IPO 后开始交易siliconangle.com
- 13美国证券交易委员会批准纽交所直接上市提案business-standard.com
- 14Unity 提交 IPO 申请coinspeaker.com
- 15KFA Global Carbon ETF在纽约证券交易所推出prnewswire.com
- 16纽约证券交易所将暂时关闭交易大厅tech.sina.com.cn
- 17纽约证券交易所关闭交易大厅并转为电子交易news.cnyes.com
- 18特灵科技在纽约证券交易所上市交易finance.sina.com.cn
- 19Churchill Capital Corp III为首次公开募股定价prnewswire.com
- 20Seaspan宣布计划将高级票据从纽约证券交易所退市prnewswire.com
- 21纽交所宣布因疫情暂时关闭其交易大厅world.people.com.cn
- 22SEC approves NYSE proposal to allow IPO alternativefoxbusiness.com
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