American Financial Group
An American financial-services holding company focused on specialty property and casualty insurance, annuities, life insurance, and related investments.
Last updated August 22, 2026
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Overview
American Financial Group, Inc. (AFG) is a Cincinnati-based American financial-services holding company whose principal activities are insurance and investments. Its operating structure is centered on insurance subsidiaries and affiliates rather than on a consumer-banking franchise. The group’s largest and most recognizable insurance platform operates under the Great American Insurance name, a business lineage that dates to 1872. Through Great American and related operations, AFG participates in property and casualty insurance across a range of commercial, specialty, and individual markets. The company’s property and casualty activities cover specialized risks that are often served by focused underwriting organizations rather than by generalist insurers alone. Areas associated with the group include equine insurance, trucking, executive liability, fidelity and crime coverage, agribusiness, and other commercial or specialty lines. Affiliates and operating businesses identified with the group include Great American Custom, Mid-Continent Group, National Interstate, and Republic Indemnity. These businesses allow AFG to serve distinct customer groups and risk categories through specialized underwriting expertise, distribution relationships, and product structures. AFG also operates in long-term savings and protection products. Great American Financial Resources, a wholly owned subsidiary, provides annuities, life insurance, and supplemental insurance products for individuals and enterprises. These offerings give the group exposure to retirement planning, guaranteed-income needs, life protection, and related financial requirements. The parent company generally provides strategic oversight and capital allocation while subsidiaries conduct the underlying insurance, product, and distribution activities. AFG’s corporate history is connected to the Great American insurance business and to the ownership and management influence of Carl Lindner Jr., who acquired National General Corporation after it had acquired Great American in 1968. Lindner subsequently divested National General’s other operations and built the present group around insurance and investment activities. His sons, Carl H. Lindner III and S. Craig Lindner, became co-chief executive officers, continuing the family’s central role in the company’s governance. Carl Lindner Jr. remained chairman until his death in 2011. The company has also held assets outside its core insurance operations, including real estate and hospitality properties, and historically owned or controlled interests connected with transportation infrastructure and other businesses. Its Great American Insurance Group participated with the Cincinnati Reds in acquiring naming rights for Great American Ball Park, which opened in 2003. In 2006, AFG sold to Argent Ventures assets associated with the former Penn Central Railroad, including land beneath Grand Central Terminal and a substantial portion of the Metro-North track leading to the New York landmark. The company later announced plans to consolidate offices in the Great American Insurance Building at Queen City Square, completed as part of its Cincinnati headquarters relocation in 2011. AFG’s results are shaped by insurance pricing, claim frequency and severity, catastrophe losses, reserve development, investment income, interest rates, capital-market conditions, and demand for annuity products. Its identity is therefore that of a diversified insurance holding company with a specialty-underwriting orientation and a substantial Great American brand presence, rather than a broad financial conglomerate serving every retail banking category. The company remains publicly traded under the symbol AFG.
History
American Financial Group’s insurance lineage reaches back to Great American Insurance, founded in 1872. The modern corporate history developed through National General Corporation, which acquired Great American in 1968 under the leadership of Gene Klein. Carl Lindner Jr. later acquired National General and sold its other operations, leaving an organization centered on insurance and investment activities. This sequence connected the Great American name with the holding-company structure that became American Financial Group. Under the Lindner family’s influence, AFG expanded and maintained a portfolio of insurance businesses and other assets. Its insurance operations developed a specialty orientation, covering property and casualty risks in fields such as equine activities, trucking, executive liability, fidelity and crime, and agribusiness. The group’s affiliated businesses have included Great American Custom, Mid-Continent Group, National Interstate, and Republic Indemnity. A separate financial-products platform, Great American Financial Resources, became a wholly owned subsidiary supplying annuities, life insurance, and supplemental insurance products to individuals and enterprises. AFG’s historical scope has at times extended beyond insurance. The group owned or controlled hospitality and real-estate properties, including properties identified in public historical accounts in New Hampshire, Ohio, Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina. In 2003, Great American Insurance Group partnered with the Cincinnati Reds in the naming-rights transaction for Great American Ball Park. In December 2006, AFG sold to Argent Ventures assets acquired from successors to the dissolved Penn Central Railroad, including the land beneath Grand Central Terminal and 156 miles of Metro-North track leading to the terminal. The company announced in December 2007 that it would consolidate offices and move its headquarters into the newly developed Great American Insurance Building at Queen City Square. The relocation was planned for 2011 and reinforced the group’s Cincinnati identity. Carl Lindner Jr. served as chairman until his death in 2011. His sons, Carl H. Lindner III and S. Craig Lindner, serve as co-chief executive officers, preserving the family’s continuing management role. AFG was listed at number 486 on the Fortune 500 in 2004. Its political activity also received attention during the 2010 midterm-election period. Following the Citizens United v. FEC decision, AFG was characterized as one of the first publicly traded Fortune 500 companies to make corporate political donations under the expanded legal environment. The company’s reported $400,000 contribution to the Republican-allied American Crossroads political action committee prompted discussion in campaign-finance circles. This was a political and regulatory controversy rather than an allegation of operational misconduct. In its current form, AFG is principally an insurance and investment holding company. Its performance depends on specialty underwriting, claims and catastrophe experience, reserve adequacy, insurance-market pricing, investment income, interest rates, and annuity demand. The Great American Insurance businesses remain central to its identity, while Great American Financial Resources supplies annuity, life, and supplemental insurance products. Because detailed dates for many subsidiary formations, acquisitions, and executive appointments are not established by the supplied sources, those dates are left unspecified.
- 2011
Carl Lindner Jr. dies
[1]Carl Lindner Jr., who had served as AFG’s chairman, died in 2011.
- 2007
Headquarters relocation announced
[1]The company announced plans to consolidate offices and relocate its headquarters to the Great American Insurance Building at Queen City Square.
- 2006
Sale of Penn Central-related assets
[1]AFG sold assets associated with successors to Penn Central Railroad to Argent Ventures, including land beneath Grand Central Terminal and Metro-North track.
- 2004
AFG appears on the Fortune 500
[1]American Financial Group was ranked 486th on the Fortune 500 list.
- 2003
Great American Ball Park naming-rights partnership
[1]Great American Insurance Group partnered with the Cincinnati Reds in the purchase of naming rights for the ballpark opened in Cincinnati in 2003.
- 1973
Carl Lindner Jr. acquires National General
[1]Carl Lindner Jr. acquired National General and subsequently disposed of its other operations, concentrating the resulting organization on insurance and investment activities.
- 1968
National General acquires Great American
[1]National General Corporation, led by Gene Klein, acquired Great American, establishing an important stage in the corporate lineage of the later AFG insurance group.
- 1872
Great American Insurance is founded
[1]The Great American insurance business, which later became the principal insurance platform associated with AFG, traces its founding to 1872.
Products and positioning
A U.S. insurance holding group positioned around specialty property and casualty underwriting, niche commercial risks, annuities, life insurance, and related investment activities.
Insurance
Property and casualty insurance
AFG’s principal insurance platform, operating largely through Great American Insurance and affiliated companies, provides coverage for commercial and individual property, liability, and casualty exposures. The business emphasizes specialized underwriting and includes products associated with niche sectors such as transportation, agriculture, equine activities, and executive risks.
Commercial insurance
Specialty insurance
Specialty operations associated with Great American Custom, Mid-Continent Group, National Interstate, Republic Indemnity, and other affiliates address risks that require focused industry knowledge or tailored policy structures. Identified specialties include trucking, equine, executive liability, fidelity and crime, and agribusiness insurance.
Retirement and savings products
Annuities
Through Great American Financial Resources, AFG supplies annuity products intended to support long-term savings and retirement-income planning. Product terms, guarantees, distribution arrangements, and eligibility vary by subsidiary and applicable regulation.
Life insurance
Life insurance
Great American Financial Resources provides life insurance products as part of AFG’s financial-products operations. These products extend the group beyond property and casualty coverage into individual and enterprise-oriented protection and planning needs.
Insurance
Supplemental insurance
The group’s financial-resources business also supplies supplemental insurance products to individuals and enterprises. The category complements annuity and life-insurance offerings, although the supplied sources do not specify a complete product catalogue.
Marketing campaigns
- 2003Great American Ball Park naming-rights partnership
Cincinnati · United States
Great American Insurance Group partnered with the Cincinnati Reds to purchase naming rights for the baseball stadium that opened as Great American Ball Park.
Outcome. The venue opened under the Great American Ball Park name, giving the Great American insurance brand a prominent local sponsorship association.
Brand decisions
2010
Corporate political contribution after Citizens UnitedOtherBackground
Following the Citizens United v. FEC decision, corporate political spending became a subject of heightened public and campaign-finance attention.
Action taken
AFG donated $400,000 to the Republican-allied American Crossroads political action committee and was described as an early publicly traded Fortune 500 corporate donor in the post-decision environment.
Aftermath
The contribution generated attention in campaign-finance circles. The supplied material does not establish a legal finding of wrongdoing against AFG.
Political contribution. 400000 USD (2010 midterm-election period)
2007
Headquarters consolidation and relocationStrategyBackground
AFG planned to combine offices as part of the development of the Great American Insurance Building at Queen City Square in Cincinnati.
Action taken
The company announced in December 2007 that it would consolidate offices and move its headquarters to the new building, with the relocation planned for 2011.
Aftermath
The move reinforced Cincinnati as the group’s headquarters location and consolidated corporate operations in a major new office facility.
2006
Sale of Penn Central-related assets to Argent VenturesOtherBackground
AFG held assets acquired from successors to the dissolved Penn Central Railroad, including the land beneath Grand Central Terminal and a substantial section of Metro-North track.
Action taken
The company sold those assets to Argent Ventures on December 6, 2006.
Aftermath
The transaction reduced AFG’s exposure to these non-insurance transportation and real-estate assets and returned attention to its core insurance and investment activities.
Recent events
American Financial Group agrees to sell GAI Holding Bermuda and subsidiaries[3]
Reported:
American Financial Group entered into a definitive agreement to sell GAI Holding Bermuda and its subsidiaries, which own Neon Underwriting, to RiverStone Holdings. The transaction was expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2020, subject to customary conditions.
Sources3 sources
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