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Alternate Concepts, Inc.

Boston-based private transit management company operating commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, streetcar, and bus services across the United States and Puerto Rico.

Last updated September 28, 2026

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Overview

Alternate Concepts, Inc. (ACI) is a private transit management company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1989 by James F. O'Leary, Richard Brown, and Jane Daly — all former senior managers at the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) — the company was created to help public and private sector clients manage financial and logistical challenges in transit, such as acquiring new rolling stock. O'Leary, who served as MBTA General Manager from 1981 to 1989, is now the sole owner of ACI. ACI describes itself as a full-service transit operator, running every major transit mode in North America: intercity train service, commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, streetcar, and bus. Its services span operations and maintenance, safety and training support, rolling stock quality assurance/quality control, and technical consulting. The company emphasizes private-sector efficiency within public-sector constraints, and it provides early design input on major projects to improve long-term operational efficiency and maintainability. ACI has been a pioneer in public-private partnership (P3) and Design-Build-Operate-Maintain (DBOM) transit projects in the United States. Its experience includes operations and maintenance of the nation's first transit system delivered through a Design-Build-Operate-Maintain contract (Tren Urbano in Puerto Rico), as well as the first two Design-Build-Finance-Operate-Maintain transit projects in the country: Eagle P3 in Denver and the Purple Line P3 in Maryland. The company states it has created three brand-new operations and maintenance companies from scratch, with a fourth underway, and has transitioned both large and small passenger rail services from established operators. In bus services, ACI is the managing partner of Paul Revere Transportation, founded in 1990. Paul Revere provides fixed-route bus service in settings ranging from congested Boston streets to Grand Canyon National Park, and is an industry leader in alternative fuels, with experience demonstrating, integrating, and operating mixed fleets of alternative fuel buses. Paul Revere's clients include the MBTA, the Massachusetts Port Authority, the National Park Service, and the University of Massachusetts. ACI operates from New England to the Caribbean and from the East Coast to the Southwest and Colorado. The company remains privately held, with James F. O'Leary as sole owner.

History

Alternate Concepts, Inc. (ACI) was founded in 1989 by James F. O'Leary, Richard Brown, and Jane Daly. All three founders had held senior management positions at the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). O'Leary had served as General Manager of the MBTA from 1981 to 1989. The company's founding mission was to provide public and private sector clients with creative ways to manage financial and logistical challenges, such as the acquisition of new rolling stock. ACI's stated approach is to utilize private-sector efficiencies to manage within public-sector constraints. Over the years, ACI grew into a full-service transit operator of commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, streetcar, and bus transit services throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. Headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, the company provides a full array of transit operations and maintenance services and employs experienced managers and consultants who provide technical support to local management teams across all disciplines. ACI has been involved in several landmark North American transit projects. It operated and maintained Tren Urbano in Puerto Rico, the nation's first transit system provided through a Design-Build-Operate-Maintain (DBOM) contract. It also participated in the first two Design-Build-Finance-Operate-Maintain (DBFOM) transit projects in the United States: Eagle P3 in Denver and the Purple Line P3 in Maryland. In these projects, ACI provided early input on system design to improve long-term operational efficiency and maintainability. In rail services, ACI states it is the most experienced service provider of large-scale P3 and DBOM passenger rail projects in the U.S. It partners with design, engineering, and construction companies throughout all stages of a project's development, supporting testing, commissioning, and final acceptance. The company has created three brand-new operations and maintenance companies from scratch, with a fourth underway, and has successfully transitioned both large and small passenger rail services from established operators, including the nation's largest private rail service contracts at the time of their award. In bus services, ACI is the managing partner of Paul Revere Transportation, founded in 1990. Paul Revere has provided fixed-route bus service in settings ranging from congested urban streets in Boston to Grand Canyon National Park. It is an industry leader in alternative fuels, with extensive experience demonstrating, integrating, and operating mixed fleets of alternative fuel buses. Its clients include the MBTA, the Massachusetts Port Authority, the National Park Service, and the University of Massachusetts. ACI's operations extend from New England to the Caribbean and from the East Coast to the Southwest and Colorado. James F. O'Leary is now the sole owner of ACI. The company remains privately held and active.

  • 1990

    Paul Revere Transportation founded; ACI later becomes its managing partner.

  • 1989

    Alternate Concepts, Inc. founded by James F. O'Leary, Richard Brown, and Jane Daly.

  • ACI operates and maintains Tren Urbano in Puerto Rico, the first DBOM transit system in the U.S.

  • ACI participates in Eagle P3 in Denver, one of the first two DBFOM transit projects in the U.S.

  • ACI participates in Purple Line P3 in Maryland, one of the first two DBFOM transit projects in the U.S.

Products and positioning

Private-sector efficiency within public-sector constraints; full-service transit operator with unmatched experience in P3 and DBOM projects.

  • Transit operations and maintenance

    Operations and maintenance for commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, streetcar, and bus services.

  • Safety and training support

    Development of safety culture, policies, procedures, rulebooks, and training programs.

  • Rolling stock QA/QC

    Quality assurance and quality control for rolling stock acquisition and maintenance.

  • Paul Revere Transportation bus services

    Fixed-route bus service, including alternative fuel bus operations.

Sources5 sources

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