Telewest (previously Telewest Broadband and Telewest Communications) was a cable internet, broadband internet, telephone supplier and cable television provider in the United Kingdom. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange, and was also once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
In March 2006, Telewest merged with fellow cable telecom company NTL, and created "NTL:Telewest", which then also merged with Virgin Mobile and Virgin.net in June 2006, creating the United Kingdom's first "quadruple play" telecom provider, offering television, internet, landline phone and mobile phone services. In February 2007, NTL:Telewest was rebranded as Virgin Media.
History
Telewest originated in Croydon in 1984 under the name "Croydon Cable".[1] United Cable, of Denver, acquired Croydon Cable in 1988. Franchises extended the company scope into Edinburgh and the southwest and southeast of England. In 1989, United Cable merged with United Artists Cable International.
In May 1991, United Artists announced a merged deal with its largest shareholder Tele-Communications Inc. (TCI), to form the largest cable operator in the United States; the deal was valued at $142.5m,[2] and by June the deal was improved.[3] The deal was finalised a week later on 8 June 1991, with TCI acquiring the remaining 46% of United Artists, to allow full control.[4]
TCI and US West announced a joint venture, and in 1992, the joint venture company became Telewest Communications, a combination of the names of both founding companies. In June 1995, Telewest merged with SBC CableComms, adding franchises in the Midlands and North West serving 1.3 million homes. During this time Telewest founded a consortium called Cable Internet. This consisted of the major cable companies in the United Kingdom working together to provide a national Internet access service.[5]
In March 1998, Telewest announced a merger with General Cable,[6] and acquired the outstanding interest in Birmingham Cable, adding a further 1.7 million franchise homes in Yorkshire, west London and Birmingham.[7] Telewest purchased the remaining 50% stake in Cable London from NTL in August 1999, adding 0.4 million franchise homes in North London.[8]
Telewest merged with Flextech in April 2000,[9] and in November, extended its cable network with the acquisition of Eurobell, taking the total number of homes passed to 4.9 million.[10] The company later became known as "Telewest Broadband" in a rebrand during 2001.[1] Telewest experienced financial difficulties in subsequent years, owing to the debts incurred as a result of constructing its cable network and acquiring other cable companies and assets. Notably, the Eurobell acquisition had been funded by an equity based deal, with a cash option; the poor performance of the company's stock meant that the cash option was favourable, and the company was not able to cover the call.
In September 2003, Telewest restructured itself, by swapping its unsecured debt for 98.5% of its shares.[11] The London Stock Exchange then delisted the consolidated shares. Major Telewest shareholders included Huff and Liberty Media (run by cable tycoon John Malone).
Takeover by NTL
The takeover of Telewest by NTL – a company of similar size, operating in different parts of the UK – was announced in October 2005, at a reported cost of $6bn.[12] At that time, Telewest had 8,400 staff in the UK.[12] The combined company at first used the name NTL:Telewest, then changed its name to Virgin Media in 2007, following the acquisition of Virgin Mobile the previous year.[13]
Nickelodeon dispute
In late 2004, negotiations for renewed carriage of the Nickelodeon channels (Nickelodeon, Nick Jr. and Nicktoons) broke down; Telewest was unwilling to pay extra to keep the channels and preferred to drop them.
Marketing strategies
Telewest used a number of marketing strategies over the years, with a solid corporate identity not coming out until the end of 2005, to coincide with a "three for £30" offer. Until 2007, the company used the mascot Ellie West to promote its services. In November 2004, when The Incredibles was released, Telewest promoted Blueyonder internet services with branding from the film, including television adverts starring characters from the film.
Operations
Telewest provided several residential services on its cable network, including:
Television
The majority of Telewest's television was digital. There were, however, areas that received an analogue service (Slough, Windsor and some areas in west London). Late in its independent existence, Telewest was in the process of converting the remaining analogue areas to digital, and it was expected that the analogue service would cease in 2007.
The digital television service offered a number of different products including true video on demand, a PVR, and HDTV.
This library included a free seven day watch again feature for television programmes produced by the BBC, Channel 4 and Virgin Media Television (formerly known as Flextech). On Demand also offered movies that could be purchased and watched as many times as desired within a twenty four hour period. On Demand also offered HD content that worked in conjunction with the Telewest PVR (now renamed the V+).
Telewest's HD service initially comprised around 10–30 hours per week of video on demand content, with no linear high definition television channels available, although the early trial services of BBC HD and ITV HD were carried for a brief time. In January 2006, Telewest started to broadcast HD documentaries such as The Blue Planet, Planet Earth and Pride through their Teleport service, and later broadcast some movies in HD.
Broadcasting
Telewest owned Flextech, a content-provider with a number of wholly owned channels (including Bravo and LIVINGtv). Additionally, Flextech had a 50% share in UKTV (with BBC Worldwide), and owned Sit-Up Ltd, who operated Screenshop, bid TV, price-drop TV and Speed Auction TV.
References
- Company history retrieved 27 April 2007^
- United Artists Entertainment Agrees to Merger Los Angeles Times, 8 June 1991, retrieved 8 June 2022^
- TCI Cools Opposition With Sweetened United Artists Bid Chicago Tribune, 8 June 1991, retrieved 8 June 2022