History
SMIC was founded on April 3, 2000, and is headquartered in Shanghai.[2] It was incorporated in the Cayman Islands as a limited liability company. It quickly built a fully owned plant in Shanghai, acquired a Motorola plant in Tianjin, and then began to build a fully owned plant in Beijing.[3] SMIC also became involved in two projects in Chengdu and Wuhan, which reversed a common pattern in Chinese development of government building, operating, then transferring industrial projects, such that SMIC operated the company, but the capital costs were borne by municipal government, relieving SMIC of the major cost of its fab plants.[18]
In September 2003, SMIC raised $630 million in funding from investors, including: Walden International (a venture capital firm based in San Francisco, California), Oak Investment Partners, Temasek, Vertex Israel and others.[19][20]
On June 23, 2015, Huawei, Qualcomm Global Trading Pte. Ltd., IMEC International, and SMIC announced the formation of the SMIC Advanced Technology Research & Development (Shanghai) Corporation, an equity joint venture company.[21]
On October 14, 2016, Ningbo Semiconductor International Corporation was jointly established by China IC Capital (the wholly owned investment fund of SMIC), Ningbo Senson Electronics Technology Co., Ltd, and Beijing Integrated Circuit Design and Testing Fund with a registered capital of RMB355 million, equal to US$52.8 million. SMIC holds 66.76% of the ownership interest. NSI will develop analog and specialty semiconductor process technology platforms in the areas of high-voltage analog, radio frequency, and optoelectronics. These developments will support customers in IC design and product development for applications in smart home, industrial, and automotive electronics, new generations of radio communications, augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, and other specialty systems.[22]
In 2018, SMIC had gross profits of $747 million and net profits of $149, with $3.6 billion in revenues.[11] It apparently spend around $550 million on research and development, or about 16 percent of sales.[23] On 9 March 2018, SMIC and the government of Shaoxing established a joint venture, United Nova Technology.[24] On May 18, 2018, ground was broken on the manufacturing base for SMIC in Shaoxing. SMIC was building a plant that would be the first in China to use 14-nanometer production technology.[25] The company said it would increase its investment capacity by 20% in February 2019.[26]
Current co-CEOs are Zhao Haijun and Mong Song Liang. Zixue Zhou serves as chairman of the board.[27] In May 2019, it was said that SMIC's co-chiefs, Zhao Haijun and Liang Mong-song were at odds over how to focus the company.[28]
On May 24, 2019, SMIC announced it would voluntarily delist from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), citing low trade volumes. Along with low US trading volumes, the company named the high administrative cost of maintaining the NYSE listing.; it joined the exchange 15 years before.[29][30] The delisting followed Huawei's blacklisting by the United States government.[31][32]
In 2019, Qualcomm, Huawei, and IMEC were still minority shareholders in SMIC's R&D arm.[11]
In May 2020, in support of the country's Made in China 2025 program; the China Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund and the Shanghai Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund invested a combined US$2 billion, gaining, respectively, 23.08% and 11.54% ownership of SMIC.[33] In July 2020 SMIC issued 1,685,620,000 shares at 27.46 yuan per share on the STAR Market of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, raising 46.28 billion yuan ($6.62 billion).[34]
On July 21, 2022, the company established 7 nm technology.[35] This technology was achieved in two years.[36]
Litigation with TSMC
The company was the target of a lawsuit brought by TSMC, accusing SMIC of misappropriating TSMC intellectual property.[37] The first round of litigation ended in 2005 with a $175 million settlement. A second round was opened in 2006. The liability phase of the lawsuit began on September 9, 2009, in Oakland, California,[38] and the jury found SMIC liable on 61 out of 65 claims.[39] SMIC entered into a settlement agreement with TSMC to resolve all pending lawsuits between the parties.[40]
