Associated Commercial Vehicles (ACV) was a holding company formed on 1 October 1948 when Associated Equipment Company purchased Crossley Motors and Maudslay Motor Company.[1] In 1949 ACV took control of coachbuilding firm Park Royal Vehicles, along with its subsidiary Charles H. Roe, followed in 1961 by Thornycroft.[2][3] In 1962, ACV was purchased by Leyland Motors[4]